Indonesia State philosophy is called the Pancasila it contains principles that are inseparable and interrelated according to official documents. This philosophy was promoted by Suharto to unite his fragmented and diverse nation after the ouster of Sukarno a communist leader proceeding an over throw.

The first principle is belief in the One and Only God; this is to testify they're renewed belief in God and the belief there is a better life after death. Although 85% of population practice Islam, many of the government and military positions are awarded to the Christians, which make up 8% of the population, which includes Protestants and Catholics. The remainder of the religions is the Hindu, which represent 2% of the population, the Buddhist-Taoist that many Chinese follow and tribes in the remote areas follow the animist religions.

As a statement of humanity and endearing concern for the announcement of civil liberty the second principle calls for a just and civilized Humanity. Which proclaims that Indonesian people is regarded as human beings that should be treated with due regard to their dignity as Gods creatures. This principle demands that the Indonesians do not tolerate physical or spiritual oppression by their own people or by any other nations.

In 1989 Timorese forced resettlements of segments of the population lead to land disputes, official corruption, and economic exploitation by Indonesians lead to heavy military presence, that was discriminatory against the Timorese. And on November 12, 1991Indonesian troops fired on marchers in a Dili funeral procession that had become a pro-Fretilin political demonstration killing hundreds. Suharto appointed the National Investigation Commission to investigate and found the military guilty of excessive force.

The unity of Indonesia principle was to promote the ideas of nationalism with the concept of love for one’s nation and motherland. This principle calls for the discouragement of the Indonesian people who have feelings of superiority towards a people's ethnical, ancestry and color of the skin. Calling for unity in social diversity, which Suharto felt should never impair national integrity. Yet the attack on the Dili funeral procession confirmed military discrimination and the social and political upheaval in East Timor. One nation and one language Vs unity in diversity: The official language is Bahasa Indonesia, there are 25 other languages of Malayo-Polynesian origin, and more than 22 dialects are spoken.

President Soeharto said: "The democracy that we practice is Pancasila of which the basic principles and legal basis are laid down in the 1945 Constitution." Calling for the fourth principle of democracy guided by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out deliberations amongst representatives. Pancasila the state philosophy democracy basic principles and legal basis are regulated by an independent republic government. The government body makes decisions through legislative procedures to form agreements.

Heading the government is the executive president or chief of state that rules by decree and is elected for a term of 5-years it is the highest government office. The legislative branch is a 500 member House of representatives (DPR) that determines legislative power. The 1000 member People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) that is responsible for electing the president. The Judicial Supreme Court is to stand equal with the executive and legislative branches. The Supreme Audit Board examines government accounts and the Supreme Advisory Council advises the president on matter of state these offices are considered equal to the executive, legislative and judicial branches of government in power.

The subdivision of authority is divided in to 3 special territories, 27 provinces divided into 241 districts and 56 municipalities. Each body of government is expected according to the Pancasila philosophy to govern with regard for responsibility to God Almighty and with benevolence for man’s dignity and integrity there by preserving and strengthening national unity and the pursuit of social justice. The president appoints the governors of provinces from a list submitted by legislatures, if the president disagrees with any of the names he can ask for a new list.

The final principle calls for social justice for all the Indonesian people, with an equal spread of wealth and natural resources through out all the Indonesian districts. Insuring social justice and protection of the weak allowing them to work according to their abilities in their occupations. Stating that every Indonesian should always respect these sacred values, is the ideology of the state and life philosophy of the Indonesian people.

The income per capita is $908 with the assistance of the United State, Indonesia hopes to increase to $1000 per capita by the year 2000. Aid from the United States according to documents from the U. S. department of State targets on the following five issues: 1. Sustained economic growth in the transition from economic development assistance to development cooperation, 2. Improved health and reduced fertility, population is 195 million with a 1.6% annual growth rate. 3. Decentralized and strengthened natural resources management 4. Strengthened urban environmental management 5. Increased effectiveness of selected institutions, which support democracy, the president enacts an authoritarian form of governing.

The 1945 Constitution

The Indonesian constitution is normally called the 1945 Constitution primarily due to being drafted and adopted in 1945 at the same time of the Republic establishment August 17, 1945 the date that independence was proclaimed from the Netherlands. It was also named to distinguish from other constitutions that were published in free Indonesia. This constitution is a representation of the celebration of independence being experience during this newfound independence. Inspiration was to encourage the completion of the ambitions and democracy that built the age old Indonesian concepts of mutual assistance by the deliberations of representatives and their mutual consensus.

The constitution consists of 37 articles, 4 transitional clauses, and 2 additional provisions it's preamble is composed of 4 paragraphs, it condemns colonialism in the world and makes reference to Indonesia's struggle for independence, it also contains a declaration of independence and a statement announcing fundamental goals and principles. And proclaims that independence will be established in the unitary state of Indonesia.

Guided by these principles, the basic aims of the state are to establish an Indonesian government that protects all Indonesians and the motherland, advance the public welfare, develop the intellectual life of the nation, and contribute towards the establishment of a world order based on freedom, peace and social justice.

MOTTO: Unity in Diversity (Bhinneka Tunggal Ika)

Proclamation

We, the people of Indonesia, do hereby proclaim

The Independence of Indonesia

All matters pertaining to the transfer of power,

ETC.,

Will be carried out expediently and

In the shortest possible time

Indonesian leaders Ir. Soekarno and Drs. Mohammad Hatta proclaimed Indonesia' independence by using transmitters from a Japanese controlled radio station. The nationalist leaders gained their independence and made the proclamation by taking advantage of the Dutch colonial army's surrender to the United States following the defeat of Japan. It was short and sweet.

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